Five African Nations Set to Join Russia-China Mission to Build Nuclear Reactor on the Moon

Five African countries may soon become part of a groundbreaking international space mission, joining Russia and China in constructing a nuclear-powered lunar research station by 2035. The nations—Senegal, Egypt, Ethiopia, South Africa, and Djibouti—are among 13 countries expected to participate in the ambitious Russian-Chinese International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) project.

The ILRS is a long-term scientific outpost planned for the Moon’s surface, with goals of supporting robotic and crewed missions, facilitating lunar settlement, and enabling the use of space resources. A key feature of the project is the proposed deployment of a nuclear reactor to provide consistent power to the station, particularly during the Moon’s prolonged nights.

The initiative gained momentum following a recent BRICS space agency conference, where Roscosmos CEO Dmitry Bakanov confirmed steady progress. Chinese officials also revealed that the ILRS nuclear power station would be operational by 2035, marking the first public mention of the reactor’s inclusion.

Russia’s extensive expertise in space-based nuclear energy systems is expected to play a pivotal role in the mission, while China is spearheading construction and infrastructure coordination.

African involvement in the ILRS reflects deepening space partnerships between the continent and both China and Russia. Notably, the Africa2Moon project, launched in collaboration with China, aims to deploy a lunar radio telescope using low-cost spherical antennas. The project’s first mission could begin as early as April 2025, targeting the Moon’s south pole.

In parallel, China and South Africa have already made headlines by establishing the world’s longest quantum communication network, stretching over 12,000 kilometers and utilizing China’s Jinan-1 satellite in low Earth orbit.

Russia is also expanding its space cooperation with African nations, offering friendly countries the opportunity to host spaceports for future rocket launches. These efforts mark a strategic pivot by Moscow and Beijing to broaden their space influence beyond traditional allies.

If confirmed, the participation of these African nations in the ILRS would mark a historic step toward global collaboration in outer space and could position Africa as a key player in the next era of lunar exploration.

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