The United States, home to many of the world’s most advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models, is now without formal guidelines for AI development after President Donald Trump rescinded the AI safety framework introduced by former President Joe Biden. The framework, which was enacted in October 2023, sought to protect consumer privacy, prevent civil rights violations such as racial discrimination, and safeguard against potential national security risks associated with AI development.
Trump’s decision, announced Monday, has left the US—home to tech giants like OpenAI and Google—without regulatory oversight in a rapidly evolving and high-stakes field. Biden’s executive order had required major AI developers to share safety assessments and critical information with the federal government to ensure accountability. While major tech firms initially supported the policy, smaller tech entrepreneurs, many of whom aligned with Trump, voiced opposition, citing concerns about innovation being stifled.
The Biden-era policy was voluntary and emphasized ethical development practices, but it faced criticism from the Republican Party, which labeled it “dangerous” and accused it of imposing ideological restrictions on technological innovation. Trump’s repeal aligns with the 2024 Republican Party platform, which prioritized a hands-off approach to AI regulation.
The move contrasts sharply with global regulatory trends. The European Union passed its AI Act in May 2024, introducing legally binding rules based on risk levels, while China is actively developing its own comprehensive AI framework. Analysts warn that the US’s lack of oversight could undermine its competitive edge and exacerbate risks associated with unchecked AI development.
The decision also highlights divisions within the tech industry. In 2023, as AI tools like ChatGPT gained global prominence, leaders like Elon Musk called for stricter government intervention in AI development. However, Trump’s repeal has shifted the focus away from governance, leaving questions about how the US will address challenges such as data privacy, misinformation, and ethical concerns.
AI Regulations in Nigeria
In Nigeria, AI regulation is still in its infancy. The country lacks specific laws governing AI, though efforts are underway to develop comprehensive policies. The National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) began drafting a National Artificial Intelligence Policy (NAIP) in 2022, seeking stakeholder input. In 2023, the Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation, and Digital Economy, led by Dr. ‘Bosun Tijani, announced plans to expand on the NAIP with a National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (NAIS).
The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) has also contributed to the discourse with its research paper, “Ethical and Societal Impact of Artificial Intelligence.” The NCC defines AI as the capability of machines to perform tasks requiring intelligence, drawing on definitions from sources like Stanford University and the American Heritage Science Dictionary. While Nigeria lacks specific AI laws, several existing regulations, including the Cybercrimes Act, the Nigeria Data Protection Act, and the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Act, intersect with AI development and use.
Expert Opinions on US Policy Shift
Alexandra Reeve Givens, president of the Center for Democracy and Technology, criticized Trump’s decision, noting that Biden’s framework had played a crucial role in guiding responsible AI adoption. “With or without the Order in effect, it’s in everyone’s interest to adopt AI tools in smart, responsible ways and ensure America remains a leader in AI governance,” Givens stated.
As the global AI race intensifies, the US’s decision to repeal its regulatory framework raises concerns about its ability to navigate the ethical and societal challenges posed by this transformative technology.
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